Drawing From The Passage, How Does Bertie Feel About Gussie?
Гипермаркет знаний>>Английский язык>>Английский язык 11 класс>> Spotlight on Russia
Our names are Ann and Bill and we desire to welcome you to this edition of §iii Spotlight on Russia. We are both Twelvemonth 11 students from Ridgeway Secondary School in Liverpool, England. Nosotros are very lucky to be living and studying in Russia this year as part of a student exchange programme.
Spotlight on Russia has invited us to work for the magazine equally guest editors. This year we volition exist travelling across this amazing state and learning as much as we can near Russian culture, geography, environmental problems, costless-time activities and much more. We'll share our impressions of life in Russia with you, and we hope you lot'll tell us more than most different aspects of life in your great state!
Delight send us your ideas virtually places we should encounter and things we should do while we are hither. You tin contact us past e-mail at bill&[e-mail protected] Remember, teenagers from all over the earth read this terrific mag, then this is a swell opportunity to let people know about your country!
We hope yous enjoy our articles.
Bill Ann
Contents
1 Life
Different ways of life in Russia
2 Culture
Tsaritsyno
iii Dostoyevsky
Fyodor Dostoyevsky and Law-breaking & Penalty
4 Tradition
Old New Year
v Luck
Russian superstitions
six Infinite
Mir Orbital Complex
7 Success
Irina Kolesnikova achieved success confronting all the odds
8 Exploring Russia
Russian federation is a huge country so, of course, the way of life can be very dissimilar depending on where people live.
Spotlight on Russian federation looks at different ways of life in Russia
A quarter of the population of Russia, almost twoscore million people, live in villages. Russia's size means hamlet life has inappreciably changed in centuries and is yet very traditional, although quite hard. People'southward livelihoods depend on crops and livestock. They must work in the fields and tend to their animals. The summer harvest has to concluding through the winter and often the only way for people to make money is to sell their produce at the market in the nearest town or urban center. Yet, the isolation and simplicity that makes viilage life difficult is also what makes information technology wonderful. There are no factories or traffic, but fresh air, clear streams and cute forests.
LIFE ON THE Black Sea
The all-time stretch of coastline in Russia is in the south¬east on the coast of the Black Sea. This is where many Russians go for their summer holidays. It is a densely populated surface area and the people who live at that place make their living from the tourists who come for their holidays between May and October. Every house has rooms to rent and the streets and beaches are crowded with people selling all sorts of souvenirs and refreshments. In that location are likewise many different types of water sports available.
• Where do you live?
• Does your lifestyle depend on the identify
you live in? If yes, how? If no, why not?
LIFE IN THE N
In the far northward of Russia, conditions are harsh and life is very hard. This is where you will notice large oil fields and mining operations. Large companies attract people to piece of work and alive in that location by giving them high salaries and complimentary housing. Even so, many people leave later on a short time because they cannot cope with the freezing cold atmospheric condition and temperatures as low as - 50°.
Action
Describe the place where you live. What is it like to alive in that location? Write to Spotlight on Russia and tell us all about if
Civilization
Taking a walk in the park in Moscow has never been and so adept now that the Tsaritsyno Manor has fifty-fifty more to offer.
20 minutes from downtown Moscow, you will detect the Tsaritsyno Estate. It is a huge palace and park whose official name is the Country Historical, Architectural, Art and Landscape Museum Reserve Tsaritsyno. The park covers an area of over 700 hectares and has beautiful scenery. The waters of the Upper Tsaritsyno pond together with the Shipilovsky and Borisovsky ponds grade the largest group of ponds in Moscow.
The palace was congenital equally a royal residence for Catherine the Great by the famous Russian builder, Vasiliy Bazhenov in a romantic gothic style. However, after ten years of construction, the tsarina was unhappy and tore many of the buildings down when she saw them, in 1785. Another builder, Matvey Kazakov, was ordered to rebuild the palace, just it was not completed before Catherine's death.
Over the side by side ii hundred years the palatial manor turned into regal ruins. Although it was abandoned, it became a favourite place for Muscovites to spend time outdoors. Finally, in 1984 a decision was reached to completely restore Tsaritsyno's architecture and park, and make it the dwelling of the Land Museum of Arts and crafts of the Peoples of the USSR. The bulk of the architectural monuments have now been restored and the grounds have been renovated.
Today visitors can see collections of modern craft including porcelain, glass, ceramics, decorative textiles, tapestries, leather, jewellery and more. Original creations from leading artists of various generations, national schools, and creative orientations are on display. Excursions, educational programmes, concerts, festive events as well as the dazzler of the park and ponds as well await visitors.
The restoration of the Grand Palace was completed past the cease of 2007. Large-scale restoration and landscaping of the park and the ponds were also carried out. Tsaritsyno, a jewel of Russian civilization, has a grand future.
• Have yous ever visited Tsaritsyno?
• After reading this would you lot like to?
Give reasons why (not).
Which famous Russian authors take you read? We learnt most the most famous Russian novelist and his all-time known work.
Fyodor Dostoyevsky (1821-1881) was a Russian novelist whose work has had a huge impact on world literature. He is nevertheless the nigh widely read author in Russia.
"Crime and Punishment" (1866) is the story of a fellow, Raskolnikov, who believes that he tin can commit whatsoever criminal offence because he has something worthy to offer humanity. He commits murder to try and evidence his theory, but then he has to struggle with his guilty conscience. He tries to help a man he sees get hit by a carriage, just the man dies. He gives all his coin to the human being's widow and becomes fastened to his girl, Sonia. He sympathises with her and sees her suffering as noble. He finally confesses to Sonia and goes to a Siberian prison house for eight years. Sonia follows him and helps him to reform.
Function four Chapter 4
"What's to be washed, what's to be done?" repeated Sonia, weeping hysterically and wringing her easily.
"What's to be done? Break what must be broken, once and for all, that'southward all, and accept the suffering on oneself. What, you don't understand? You'll sympathise later....
Liberty and power, and in a higher place all, power! Over all trembling cosmos and all the ant-heap! ... That's the goal, remember that! That'south my farewell message. Peradventure it'southward the concluding time I shall speak to you. If I don't come up tomorrow, you'll hear of it all, and and so remember these words. And some day later on on, in years to come, you'll understand possibly what they meant. If I come tomorrow, I'll tell y'all who killed Lizaveta.... Skillful-bye." Sonia started with terror.
"Why, do y'all know who killed her?", she asked, chilled with horror, looking wildly at him.
"I know and volition tell... you, only you lot. I accept chosen you out. I'm not coming to you lot to inquire forgiveness, but merely to tell y'all. I chose yous out long ago to hear this, when your father talked of you and when Lizaveta was alive, I idea of it. Good-bye, don't shake hands. Tomorrow!" He went out. Sonia gazed at him as at a madman. Merely she herself was similar one insane and felt it. Her head was going round.
"Good heavens, how does he know who killed Lizaveta? What did those words mean? It's awful!" Merely at the same time the idea did non enter her head, not for a moment! "Oh, he must exist terribly unhappy!... He has abandoned his female parent and sister.... What for? What has happened? And what had he in his listen? What did he say to her? He had kissed her human foot and said... said (yes, he had said information technology clearly) that he could non live without her.... Oh, merciful heavens!"
Sonia spent the whole night feverish and delirious. She jumped upwardly from time to time, wept and wrung her hands, so sank again into feverish slumber and dreamt of Polenka, Katerina Ivanovna and Lizaveta, of reading the gospel and him... him with pale face, with burning eyes... kissing her feet, weeping.
On the other side of the door on the right, which divided Sonia'southward room from Madame Resslich's apartment, was a room which had long stood empty. A bill of fare was fixed on the gate and a notice stuck in the windows over the canal advertising it to let. Sonia had long been accustomed to the rooms being uninhabited. Merely all that fourth dimension Mr. Svidrigailov had been standing, listening at the door of the empty room. When Raskolnikov went out he stood still, idea a moment, went on tiptoe to his own room which adjoined the empty 1, brought a chair, and noiselessly carried it to the door that led to Sonia'southward room. The conversation had struck him as interesting and remarkable, and he had profoundly enjoyed it - so much that he brought a chair that he might not in the future, tomorrow, for instance, accept to suffer the inconvenience of standing a whole hour, but might mind in comfort.
• How do you feel about reading Dostoyevsky in English?
• Have you read 'Criminal offence and Punishment'? If yes, what do you think of the novel? If no, why non?
ACTIVITY
Write a short biography of your favourite Russian author and describe their virtually successful novel. Send it to us
at// www.spotlightonrussia.ru
We all know when New Twelvemonth is, right? Well, actually, it depends which calendar you lot employ. Russians are lucky, they gloat twice.
People counted time in many different ways until the Romans inverse everyone to their system of counting fourth dimension from the engagement Rome was founded. Later on Rome conquered Arab republic of egypt, Julius Caesar introduced a new agenda based on a Babylonian model. It had 365 days divided into 12 months with an extra day every fourth twelvemonth.
Then, in 527 AD, a Roman abbot, Dionysius Exiguus, brought in the Anno Domini agenda numbering the years from Jesus' nascency. Yet, every 131 years the calendar would be out by 1 day, since the distance the earth travelled effectually the lord's day grew shorter from 365,2422 to 365,2419 days. Over the centuries this became a trouble, as Easter was afterwards and later in the year.
Pope Gregory XIII used the agenda of astronomer Christopher Clavius to make reforms. Clavius used mathematics and astronomy to calculate the new agenda. Most countries accepted the calendar straight abroad, simply Great britain only adopted the mod calendar, in 1752, and Orthodox Russian federation was forced to adopt the new changes when the Bolsheviks came to power, in 1917.
In many countries however, including Russia, both the Julian agenda and the Gregorian calendar are used. And then, for the Russians, Christmas is on 7th January with Begetter Frost and other traditions and New Yr is on 1st January, simply they celebrate a 2d New Year on 13th January. The commencement ane is the New New year and the second i is the Old New Year.
New year's day on 1st Jan in Russian federation is a public vacation and is celebrated with fireworks and elaborate large meals and other festivities. The Former New Year by the Julian calendar is informally observed. For many this is a nostalgic family unit vacation ending the holiday flavour.
The Old New Year tradition also features in popular culture and art. Mikhail Roshchin wrote a comedy drama for the stage, in 1973, called The Old New Year, which played in theatres for many years. It was too a TV motion-picture show released by Mosfilm studios in 1980 which featured famous actors and music by Sergei Nikitin, with lyrics past Boris Pasternak.
Action
Draw how you celebrate the Quondam New
Yr and the New Year to your partner.
• Which celebration do you prefer? Why?
• Would you lot similar to celebrate Easter twice? Why (not)?
How superstitious are y'all? We decided to investigate to come across how superstitious Russian people are.
Some Russian people are very superstitious. Some of their superstitions are the same as in other countries, such as black cats De -: t-, jCKy, while others are peculiar :O Russia. Who would imagine that TS untucky to give yellow flowers or an ccc number of flowers?
Virtually of these weird superstitions come from folk stones or fairy tales. They are related to the pagan conventionalities that there are spirits that live in woodlands, rivers, farmyards and houses. The house spirit is called Domovoy and he is supposed to live in the front doorway. At that place are many superstitions related to him, including the one that says it's bad luck to shake hands or kiss through a doorway because it will offend him.
Superstitious Russians are firm believers in knocking on wood and spitting to ward off bad luck and evil spirits. If anyone makes a comment hinting about something bad or unpleasant that might happen, some Russians believe that they are inviting bad luck and will blitz to discover some forest to knock on to counteract it. They may also spit over their left shoulder 3 times. They sometimes also do this if they receive a compliment in gild to go on abroad the evil eye and avoid a change in their luck.
Apart from strange ways of avoiding bad luck, some of the things Russians believe to bring good luck are just every bit odd. For example, seeing a grunter on the street is considered to be very good luck. Although that is quite rare these days!
• Are you superstitious?
• Which superstitions do you believe in?
Activeness
Collect information about
superstitions from another
and write an article about them
It's 50 years since Russia sent the offset bogus satellite into space. We decided to look at another milestone in space history.
Spotlight on Russian federation finds out about Mir
Prussia has a long and distinguished history imin space. It was the commencement country to send a satellite into space, the first country to send a man into space and the first country to launch a space station into space. Even at present, as the International Infinite Station is still in its early days, the Russians have already 'been there and washed that'.
The Mir Orbital Complex was in orbit for xv years, three times longer than initially planned. During that time, at that place were many manned missions to and from it and many spacewalks.
Mir took ten years to build. The main piece or module weighing 20 tonnes, was launched into space in 1986. A farther half dozen modules were launched individually and added to the chief module making a full weight of 130 tonnes. The principal module contained the living quarters for two cosmonauts in tiny cabins with windows. The first 2 crew members were Leonid Kizim and Vladimir Soloviev.
Each module had a special purpose. Kvant was used for x-ray and UV astronomy, Kvant 2 was used as an experimental manoeuvring unit for space suited astronauts. Kristall was a micro-gravity research laboratory. Spektr and Priroda were Earth observation platforms.
Mir was taken out of orbit in 2001 because of fiscal reasons. There just wasn't enough government or private funding to keep it in operation. What remains of the Mir Space Station is now somewhere at the bottom of the Pacific Bounding main, merely information technology will remain a huge achievement in space technology and a landmark in spaceflight history.
Activity
Do some research and brand a timeline
of f the Mir Orbital Complex.
• With a partner, discuss anything you know nearly Mir that is not mentioned in the text.
• What other landmark events in infinite has Russia been involved in?
Irina Kolesnikova is the prima ballerina for the St Petersburg Ballet Theatre and has won many Russian and international prizes.
What practice yous dream of condign? Whatever it is, you must follow your dream and never give upwards, no matter what life throws in your way. That's what a young Russian woman called lrina Kolesnikova did, and at present she is the brightest star in ballet today. She has captivated audiences around the world with her performances equally Odette and Odile in Swan Lake, Clara in The Nutcracker, Aurora in The Sleeping Beauty, Giselle, and many more than.
lrina grew up in St Petersburg and the moment she saw The Sleeping Beauty on Television set, she decided she wanted to get a ballerina. She enrolled at the Vaganova School, only her teachers were unkind and made her lose faith in her beauty and talent. She lost all her confidence, and afterwards graduation she couldn't find a ballet company to hire her. She was rejected by both the Kirov and the Mussorgsky Theatres, and didn't know what to do. And then unexpectedly, she met an onetime school friend who brash her to audience for the recently formed St Petersburg Ballet Theatre, and she was accepted.
lrina quickly rose through the ranks and give-and-take of her talent and skill spread far and broad. People flocked to see her when the company toured England, Australia, South Africa, and Japan. She has likewise won many gold and silver medals in international competitions, and she was nominated past British critics for 'Best Female person Dancer' at London'southward National Dance Awards.
lrina is a perfect instance of why you lot should never give up on your dream. Success comes to those who keep on trying!
• What do you near adore about Irina Kolesnikova?
• What is your dream and how do you intend to accomplish it?
ACTIVITY
Write to Spotlight on Russia aboi a hero/heroine of yours who has achieved success through hard work and determination.
At that place are thousands of natural and cultural attractions in Russia and no ameliorate way to see them than by railroad train.
Many people say the merely fashion to see Russia is by train. So, if you're going by train, you may likewise keep the nicest and longest railroad train journeying there is - on the Trans-Siberian Railway. From get-go to finish the journey covers 6,000 miles, that's a third of the manner around the Earth!
The all-time thing about this journeying though, is that you don't have to make information technology continuous. There is a regular service, so you tin can get on and off the train to savor the many wonderful cities along the mode. For example, you tin terminate at Yoroslavl, which is 1 of Russia'southward oldest cities and has many cute buildings to see. Then there is Krasnoyarsk, founded in 1628, where you can see the unusual cliffs at Stolby Reserve. Let'southward not forget Vladivostok, with its cute natural harbour and lively metropolis eye.
The railway has three main routes. The Trans-Siberian line goes from Moscow to Vladivostock. The Trans-Manchurian line goes from Tarskaya to Beijing through China, and the Trans-Mongolian line goes from Ulan-Ude to Beijing through Mongolia. Whichever one you have though, you can be sure to pass through some of the most amazing landscapes in the globe and visit some picturesque towns and cities. With the Trans-Siberian Railway, getting at that place is equally much fun as beingness in that location!
• Talk with your partner about a place in Russia you would really like to visit.
• Have you ever been on the Trans-Siberian Railway? If yeah, what was it like? If no, would you like to? Why (not)?
ACTIVITY
Write to Spotlight on Russia and tell usa which Russian cities you have visited and which ones you would similar to visit.
Английский язык. 11 класс : учеб. для общеобразоват. учреждений / [О.В. Афанасьева, Дж.Дули, И.В. Михеева и др.]. - two-е изд., доп. и перераб. - М.: Limited Publishing : Просвещение, 2009. - 244 с. : ил. - (Английский в фокусе).
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